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  • ∞ force umount 
    force umount

-f
    Force the unmount. This option requires kernel 2.1.116 or later.

-l
    Lazy unmount. Detach the filesystem from the hierarchy immediately, but don't clean up references until it is no longer busy. Requires kernel 2.4.11 or later.

e.g.
   umount -lf /mnt

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by iamacnhero on Mar 14, 2010 at 12:45 p.m. EDT
  • ∞ Actualizar Ubuntu sin riesgos 
    ; 1. Como root, hacer un backup del /
sudo su -
cd /
tar -cvf /tmp/mi-dir-raiz.tar --exclude=mnt/* --exclude=dev/* --exclude=proc/* --exclude=tmp/* *

; 2. Te guardas /tmp/mi-dir-raiz.tar en un disco externo.

; 3. Actualizas, y si no te gusta el resultado arrancas desde un live-cd, montas la particion / en /mnt, borras todo el contenido de la actualizacion y restauras ahí tu tar.
mount /dev/sdaX /mnt
cd /mnt
rm -rf *
tar -xvf /midiscoexterno/mi-dir-raiz.tar

; 4. Ya solo te queda instalar el grub y reiniciar
grub-install --root-directory=/mnt
reboot

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by Daedalus on Jan 22, 2010 at 7:52 a.m. EST
  • ∞ Convert file encoding 
    iconv -f encoding [-t encoding] [inputfile]...

useful options:
--from-code, -f encoding
    Convert characters from encoding.

--to-code, -t encoding
   Convert characters to encoding. If not specified the encoding corresponding to the current locale is used.

--list, -l
   List known coded character sets.

-c Omit invalid characters from output.

--output, -o file
   Specify output file (instead of stdout).

--silent, -s
   Suppress warnings, but not errors.

--verbose
   Print progress information.

example: convert a utf8 encoding file to a gbk encoding file
iconv -f utf8 -t gbk red.txt -o newRed.txt

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by iamacnhero on Jan 20, 2010 at 8:52 p.m. EST
  • ∞ Sound problems in Ubuntu 
    sudo /etc/init.d/alsa-utils reset
/sbin/alsa force-reload

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by fegabe on Jan 14, 2010 at 6:05 a.m. EST
  • ∞ update fonts in ubuntu 
    sudo fc-cache -f -v

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by pigletto on Jan 05, 2010 at 2:08 p.m. EST
  • ∞ Play music on a remote linux (debian branch) computer via SSH 
    #I used this technique to play music on a computer with a much better sound system from my laptop.

#On the "music server"
sudo apt-get install openssh-server mplayer

#Once done, on the "controler" computer
ssh <username>@<server_name_or_ip>
cd /path/to/music/files
#If you want to play only one song
mplayer song.ext
#If you want to play the whole directory
mplayer *.ext
#In case of multiple extentions (example with mp3, wma and ogg files
mplayer *.mp3 *.wma *.ogg

#You can control your music server from a windows comuputer with PuTTY

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by Hregrin on Dec 05, 2009 at 6:59 a.m. EST
  • ∞ uninstall apparmor 
    /etc/init.d/apparmor stop
update-rc.d -f apparmor remove
apt-get --yes remove apparmor apparmor-utils

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by iamacnhero on Nov 25, 2009 at 1:10 a.m. EST
  • ∞ Fix non sleep aware modules 
    # echo 'SUSPEND_MODULES="$SUSPEND_MODULES edimax-driver-name-here' > /etc/pm/config.d/edimax-fix

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by tayhimself on Nov 04, 2009 at 4:49 p.m. EST
  • ∞ netstat get an indication of how many requests your web application currently has 
    If you want to get an indication of how many requests your web application (e.g. JIRA, Confluence) currently has, and it is running on Unix, run the following command:

netstat -a -n | grep :<port number> | grep tcp | grep ESTABLISHED | wc -l

For example, if the application server has JIRA (or Confluence) running on port 8080:

netstat -a -n | grep :8080 | grep tcp | grep ESTABLISHED | wc -l

This will return the number of established TCP/IP connections to that port.

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by iamacnhero on Nov 04, 2009 at 1:12 a.m. EST
  • ∞ rename dirs in gnome 
    #!/bin/bash
# Criado em:Qua 07/Out/2009 hs 10:47
# Last Change: Qua 07 Out 2009 11:49:36 BRT
# vim:ft=sh:fdm=syntax:nu:
# Instituicao: none
# Proposito do script: consertar nome das pastas no ubuntu
# Autor: Sérgio Luiz Araújo Silva 
# site: http://vivaotux.blogspot.com

# função será executada se o for usuário comum
pessoal (){
FILE=~/.config/user-dirs.dirs

# backup 
echo "criando backup de $FILE"
sleep 1
cp $FILE{,.backup}

cat <<-EOF > $FILE
# This file is written by xdg-user-dirs-update
# If you want to change or add directories, just edit the line you're
# interested in. All local changes will be retained on the next run
# Format is XDG_xxx_DIR="$HOME/yyy", where yyy is a shell-escaped
# homedir-relative path, or XDG_xxx_DIR="/yyy", where /yyy is an
# absolute path. No other format is supported.
  
XDG_DESKTOP_DIR="$HOME/Desktop"
XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$HOME/docs/downloads"
XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="$HOME/docs/modelos"
XDG_PUBLICSHARE_DIR="$HOME/docs/share"
XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR="$HOME/docs"
XDG_MUSIC_DIR="$HOME/docs/musicas"
XDG_PICTURES_DIR="$HOME/img"
XDG_VIDEOS_DIR="$HOME/docs/videos"

EOF

}


# função "geral" será executada se for root
geral () {

FILE=/etc/xdg/user-dirs.defaults

# backup 
cp $FILE{,.backup}
echo "criando backup de $FILE"
sleep 1

cat <<-EOF > $FILE
# Default settings for user directories
#
# The values are relative pathnames from the home directory and
# will be translated on a per-path-element basis into the users locale
DESKTOP=Desktop
DOWNLOAD=docs/downloads
TEMPLATES=docs/modelos
PUBLICSHARE=docs/publico
DOCUMENTS=docs
MUSIC=docs/musica
PICTURES=docs/img
VIDEOS=docs/videos
# Another alternative is:
#MUSIC=Documents/Music
#PICTURES=Documents/Pictures
#VIDEOS=Documents/Videos
EOF

}


 [ "$(id -u)" != "0" ] && pessoal || geral

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by voyeg3r on Oct 07, 2009 at 11:26 a.m. EDT
  • ∞ Install denyhosts in ubuntu 
    Install denyhosts in ubuntu 

apt-get install denyhosts

vi /etc/denyhosts.conf, add following lines:
SECURE_LOG = /var/log/auth.log

HOSTS_DENY = /etc/hosts.deny
PURGE_DENY = 1w
BLOCK_SERVICE  = sshd
DENY_THRESHOLD_INVALID = 5
DENY_THRESHOLD_VALID = 10
DENY_THRESHOLD_ROOT = 1
DENY_THRESHOLD_RESTRICTED = 1

WORK_DIR = /var/lib/denyhosts
SUSPICIOUS_LOGIN_REPORT_ALLOWED_HOSTS=YES
HOSTNAME_LOOKUP=NO
LOCK_FILE = /var/run/denyhosts.pid

ADMIN_EMAIL = root@localhost
SMTP_HOST = localhost
SMTP_PORT = 25
SMTP_FROM = DenyHosts <nobody@localhost>
SMTP_SUBJECT = DenyHosts Report

AGE_RESET_VALID=5d
AGE_RESET_ROOT=25d
AGE_RESET_RESTRICTED=25d
AGE_RESET_INVALID=10d

DAEMON_LOG = /var/log/denyhosts
DAEMON_SLEEP = 30s
DAEMON_PURGE = 1h

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by iamacnhero on Sep 30, 2009 at 4:42 a.m. EDT
  • ∞ elinks shortcuts 
    F10: Menu
Open new tab: t
Go to URL:     g
Go back:       left
Go forward:    u
Exit:          q

Search:        /
Find next:     n
Find previous: N
Toggle html/plain: \
Toggle images: *
Wrap text on/off: W
Reload document: Ctrl-R
Next tab: >
Prev tab: <
Close tab: c

Open in new tab in background: T
Download link: d

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by iamacnhero on Sep 30, 2009 at 4:13 a.m. EDT
  • ∞ Turn off the system speaker 
    rmmod pcspkr

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by fegabe on Sep 30, 2009 at 3:19 a.m. EDT
  • ∞ Handle system services from the command line 
    # Stop a service
sudo invoke-rc.d <SERVICE> stop

# Start a service
sudo invoke-rc.d <SERVICE> start

# Remove a service from system start-up
sudo update-rc.d -f <SERVICE> remove

# Add a service to system start-up specifying its priority
# eg.: sudo update-rc.d apparmor start 37 S .
sudo update-rc.d <SERVICE> start <NUMBER> <WHEN> .

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by d1s4st3r on Sep 06, 2009 at 10:56 a.m. EDT
  • ∞ X,gnome start/stop 
    /etc/init.d/gdm stop

/etc/init.d/gdm start

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by mariorz on Jul 05, 2009 at 10:39 p.m. EDT
  • ∞ how to install php apc package on Ubuntu 
    # On Ubuntu
$ apt-get install php5-dev apache-prefork-dev
$ pecl install apc
$ echo "extension=apc.so" > /etc/php5/conf.d/apc.ini
$ apachectl restart

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by jppommet on Jun 13, 2009 at 10:28 p.m. EDT
  • ∞ set apt-cacher proxy and temporarily disable it 
    In this example an apt-cacher proxy is running on the server at 192.168.0.2.

---- /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01proxy:
Acquire::http::Proxy "http://192.168.0.2:3142/apt-cacher/";

Bypassing the proxy temporarily:
# apt-get install -o Acquire::http::Proxy=none ack-grep

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by akaihola on Jun 08, 2009 at 7:50 a.m. EDT
  • ∞ Importing Ubuntu Update Repository Public Keys 
    sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys <KeyID>
# Get <KeyID> from "sudo apt-get update"
sudo apt-get update

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by winker on Jun 06, 2009 at 4:09 a.m. EDT
  • ∞ Booting Existing Windows with VirtualBox on Ubuntu 
    # Run MergeIDE on windows before beginning. [ http://www.virtualbox.org/attachment/wiki/Migrate_Windows/MergeIDE.zip ]
# Set correct permissions for the user to read raw disk
sudo usermod -aG disk $USER
# Create Fake MBR
install-mbr --force ~/.VirtualBox/WinXP.mbr
# Create and Register the VMDK out of RAW Disk
VBoxManage internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename ~/.VirtualBox/WinXP.vmdk -rawdisk /dev/sda -partitions 1 -mbr ~/.VirtualBox/WinXP.mbr -register
# Edit the VMDK file so that following parameters correspond to fdisk -l /dev/sda
ddb.geometry.biosCylinders="1023"
ddb.geometry.biosHeads="240"
ddb.geometry.biosSectors="63"
# Create new Virtual Machine and enable ACPI, IO APIC, VT-x/AMD-v

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by winker on Jun 06, 2009 at 4:05 a.m. EDT
  • ∞ install apache with php on ubuntu 
    #!/bin/bash

# Install apache
sudo aptitude install apache2

# Enable URL rewrite module
sudo a2enmod rewrite

# Enable user directory module
sudo a2enmod userdir
mkdir -p $HOME/public_html
cp /var/www/index.html

# Install PHP
sudo aptitude install php5 libapache2-mod-php5
echo '<?php phpinfo(); ?>' | sudo tee /var/www/info.php

# Restart Apache and test it
sudo service apache2 restart
firefox http://localhost/info.php

# Install PHP extensions (optional)
sudo aptitude install php-pear php5-gd php5-tidy smarty

# Install MySQL support (optional)
sudo aptitude install php5-mysql mysql-server mysql-client mysql-query-browser

# Install PostgreSQL support (optional)
sudo aptitude install php5-pgsql postgresql pgadmin3

# Restart Apache service
sudo service apache2 restart

# Install Rapache frontend (optional)
sudo aptitude install rapache

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    0 comments - tagged in  posted by danielrmt on May 30, 2009 at 5:45 p.m. EDT
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